运算符重载
在Python语言中提供了类似于C++的运算符重在功能:
一下为Python运算符重在调用的方法如下:
Method Overloads Call for
__init__ 构造函数 X=Class()
__del__ 析构函数 对象销毁
__add__ + X+Y,X+=Y
__or__ | X|Y,X|=Y
__repr__ 打印转换 print X,repr(X)
__str__ 打印转换 print X,str(X)
__call__ 调用函数 X()
__getattr_ 限制 X.undefine
__setattr__ 取值 X.any=value
__getitem__ 索引 X[key],
For If
__len__ 长度 len(X)
__cmp__ 比较 X==Y,X<Y
__lt__ 小于 X<Y
__eq__ 等于 X=Y
__radd__ Right-Side + +X
__iadd__ += X+=Y
__iter__ 迭代 For In
__unicode__ unicode(X)
迭代重载
class indexer: def __getitem__(self, index): #iter override return index ** 2 X = indexer() X[2]for i in range(5): print X[i] |
减法重载
class Number: def __init__(self, start): self.data = start def __sub__(self, other): #minus method return Number(self.data - other) number = Number(20) y = number – 10 # invoke __sub__ method |
索引重载
class stepper: def __getitem__(self, i): return self.data[i] X = stepper() X.data = 'Spam' X[1] #call __getitem__for item in X: #call __getitem__ print item |
getAttr/setAttr重载
class empty: def __getattr__(self,attrname): if attrname == 'age': return 40 else: raise AttributeError,attrname X = empty()print X.age #call__getattr__class accesscontrol: def __setattr__(self, attr, value): if attr == 'age': # Self.attrname = value self.__dict__[attr] = value else: print attr raise AttributeError, attr + 'not allowed' X = accesscontrol() X.age = 40 #call __setattr__ X.name = 'wang' #raise exception |
unicode重载
#coding:utf-8class adder: def __unicode__(self): return u'hello world'print unicode(x) #hello world |